By Fatima Maikasuwa
The Ofala Festival is an important annual celebration among the Igbo people, particularly in Onitsha and surrounding communities like Umueri, Umuoji, Aguleri, Nnewi, and Ukpo.
The festival symbolises the renewal of the Igwe or Obi’s authority over the land and is deeply rooted in Igbo traditions.
The name “Ofala” is derived from the Igbo words “ọfọ” (authority) and “ala” (land), underscoring its cultural significance. The event is like the Igue Festival in Benin and other regional festivals, such as Ine and Ogbanigbe, celebrated by mid-West Igbo communities.
Historically, Ofala dates back to the 16th century, tracing its roots to the migration of the Onitsha people from Benin to the eastern banks of the River Niger.
The tradition of monarchy and festivals like Ofala were brought along during this migration. Some historians also link Ofala to the New Yam Festival and emphasize the king’s devotion to the well-being and safety of his people.
The festival typically lasts two days, starting with a period of retreat by the Obi, known as Inye Ukwu na Nlo, where the king undergoes spiritual purification.
This is followed by his re-emergence to bless the people and lead the festival activities. The highlight of the event includes the Obi’s grand appearance in ceremonial attire, dancing in the arena, and receiving homage from chiefs, guests, and community members.
Ofala Onitsha, the most famous version of the festival, takes place in October and is considered the pinnacle of Onitsha’s cultural calendar.
The celebrations include traditional gun salutes, royal gong drumming, dancing, and other cultural displays. The Obi’s ceremonial dances and the conferring of chieftaincy titles to distinguished individuals are key moments in the festival.
The Obi of Onitsha, His Majesty Nnaemeka Alfred Achebe during the 2024 festival themed “Courage, Perseverance, and Self-Reliance”(Onye kwe, Chi’e ekwe), called on Nigerians to remain hopeful and resilient in the face of prevailing hardships in the country.
He said the theme resonates deeply with the people’s resolve to overcome adversity.
“As we navigate the challenges of our time, we draw inspiration from our rich cultural heritage and the timeless values of our ancestors. We are proud to showcase our rich cultural heritage and promote unity among our people and invite everyone to join us in celebrating the 2024 Ofala,” he said.
